Sodium-sulfur battery layout container base station

Why are sodium-sulfur batteries used in stationary energy storage systems?

Introduction Sodium-sulfur (Na-S) batteries with sodium metal anode and elemental sulfur cathode separated by a solid-state electrolyte (e.g., beta-alumina electrolyte) membrane have been utilized practically in stationary energy storage systems because of the natural abundance and low-cost of sodium and sulfur, and long-cycling stability , .

What is a sodium-sulfur battery?

Sodium-sulfur (NaS) batteries are a promising energy storage technology for a number of applications, particularly those requiring high-power responses [11,21]. It is composed of a sodium-negative electrode, a sulfur cathode, and a beta-alumina solid electrolyte that produces sodium pentasulfide during the discharge reaction .

Who makes sodium sulfur batteries?

Utility-scale sodium–sulfur batteries are manufactured by only one company, NGK Insulators Limited (Nagoya, Japan), which currently has an annual production capacity of 90 MW . The sodium sulfur battery is a high-temperature battery. It operates at 300°C and utilizes a solid electrolyte, making it unique among the common secondary cells.

What is a standard NaS battery container?

A standard single NAS battery container has 1.45 MWh energy capacity. The containers are stackable, enabling utility scale energy storage systems. We supply containerized NAS battery systems: one standard 20-ft container has 1.45 MWh energy capacity. The compact form enables easy transportation and quick installation at our customers' sites.